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- $Unique_ID{BRK03824}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Histidinemia}
- $Subject{Histidinemia Histidase Deficiency }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1988, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 623:
- Histidinemia
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of this article (Histidinemia) is not
- the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM list to find the alternate
- names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Histidase Deficiency
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources" section
- of this report.
-
- Histidinemia is a very rare hereditary metabolic disorder characterized
- by a deficiency of the enzyme histidase which is necessary for the metabolism
- of the amino acid histidine. The concentration of histidine is elevated in
- the blood. Excessive amounts of histidine, imidazole pyruvic acid, and other
- imidazole metabolism products are excreted in the urine. Mental retardation
- and a speech defect have been found in some cases of histidinemia, while in
- other cases, no obvious symptoms appear to indicate that a person may have
- this disorder.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Early cases of histidinemia were characterized by mental retardation and a
- characteristic speech defect. Seizures, unusual behavior and learning
- disabilities were found. The concentration of the amino acid histidine is
- elevated in the blood. Excessive amounts of histidine, imidazole pyruvic
- acid, and other imidazole metabolism products are excreted in the urine.
- Most persons with histidinemia adapt to the presence of excessive histidine
- in the blood and do not suffer any ill effects. Scientists are now able to
- recognize histidinemia in a wide range of patients with and without symptoms.
-
- Causes
-
- Histidinemia is inherited through autosomal recessive genes in most cases.
- (Human traits, including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the
- interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father and
- one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear
- unless a person inherits the same defective gene for the same trait from each
- parent. If a person receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease,
- he or she will be a carrier for the disease, but usually will show no
- symptoms. The risk of transmitting the disease to the children of a couple,
- both of whom are carriers for a recessive disorder, is 25 percent. Fifty
- percent of their children will be carriers, but healthy as described above.
- Twenty-five percent of their children will receive both normal genes, one
- from each parent, and will be genetically normal.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Histidinemia is estimated to occur in about one in 20,000 births. The
- abnormality begins at birth, and affects males and females in equal numbers.
- It is now thought to be a probably benign disorder. Early cases were
- discovered by screening patients in institutions for the mentally retarded,
- accounting for the initial association with mental defects.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- There are many metabolic disorders that may cause symptoms similar to those
- attributed to histidinemia, including speech defects, learning disorders
- and/or mental retardation. (For more information, choose "metabolic" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Histidinuria due to a renal tubular defect is a very rare, autosomal
- recessive genetic metabolic disorder, characterized by excessive levels of
- the amino acid histidine in the urine. The disorder is caused by a defect of
- histidine reabsorption in the distal tubules of the kidney.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Usually no treatment of histidinemia is necessary. Speech therapy can be
- helpful to overcome speech defects. Genetic counseling can be of benefit to
- families with histidinemia.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- December 1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Histidinemia, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NDDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-6344
-
- Research Trust for Metabolic Diseases in Children
- Golden Gates Lodge, Weston Rd.
- Crewe CW1 1XN, England
- Telephone: (0270) 250244
-
- For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals, please contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- HISTIDINEMIA: B.N. LA DU; In: THE METABOLIC BASIS OF INHERITED DISEASE, 5th
- ed.; McGraw Hill, 1983. P. 347.
-
- HISTIDINAEMIA. PART I: RECONCILING RETROSPECTIVE AND PROSPECTIVE
- FINDINGS: C.R. Scriver, et al.; Journal Inherited Metab Dis (1983: issue
- 6(2)). Pp. 51-53.
-
- HISTIDINAEMIA. PART II: IMPACT; A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY: A. Rosenmann, et
- al.; Journal Inherited Metab Dis (1983: issue 6(2)). Pp. 54-57.
-
- HISTIDINAEMIA. PART III: IMPACT; A PROSPECTIVE STUDY; J.T. Coulombe,
- et al.; Journal Inherited Metab Dis (1983: issue 6(2)). Pp. 58-61.
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp. 1027-1028.
-
-